Osteoglossiformes (Bony tongues)
Elopiformes (Tarpon / Tenpounders)
- Elops sp.
- Esocelops cavifrons
- Protarpon (Megalops) oblongus
- Protarpon (Megalops) priscus
- Promegalops sheppeyensis
- Promegalops signeuxae
Aulopiformes (Grinners & Lizardfish)
Beryciformes (Soldier/Pricklefish)
Scombriformes (Mackerel & Tuna)
- Eocoelopoma colei
- Eocoelopoma curvatum
- Eocoelopoma gigas
- Micrornatus hopwoodi
- Scombramphodon crassidens
- Scombramphodon sheppeyensis
- Duplexdens (Scombrinus) macropomus
- Scombrinus nuchalis
- Sphyraenodus priscus
- Tamesichthys decipiens
- Wetherellus brevior
- Wetherellus cristatus
- Wetherellus longior
- Woodwardella patellifrons
- Palaeocybium proosti
- Bramoides brieni
- Goniocranion arambourgi
- Undescribed Scombrid #1
- Undescribed Scombrid #2
Carangiformes (Jack Mackerels)
- Enniskillenus radiatus
- Cylindracanthus rectus
- Hemirhabdorhynchus elliotti
- Acestrus elongatus
- Acestrus ornatus
- Aglyptorhynchus sulcatus
- Aglyptorhynchus venablesi
- Xiphiorhynchus priscus
Synophrys hopei
Scientific Classification
Class: Actinopterygii (Ray-finned Fish)
Order: Perciformes
Family: Serranidae
Genus: Synophrys
Species: hopei (Agassiz, 1845)
Synophyrs hopei was first described by Louis Agassiz in a paper in 1845 (see citation at bottom) based on a specimen held at Oxford University Museum. As this specimen has relatively poor preservation, Agassiz didn’t assign this to any family and as such, for the last 180 years, has sat as a fairly dubious taxa. However, two more recent discoveries of well-preserved specimens (photographed and scanned below) match the very distinct cranial ornamentation of Agassiz’s original specimen and could represent two better preserved specimens on this London Clay species. The one found my Tony Mitchell has now been kindly donated to the Natural History Museum in London and experts who have examined this have suggested it is a representative of the Serranidae family. I’m hopeful more research will follow on this.
- Evidence of sclerotic ring present in the eye orbit (1)
- Shorter skull with robust toothless jaws (2)
- Distinctive ornamentation on the frontal bones on the top of the skull (3)
- Heavily striated lacrymal bone in front of the orbit (4)

3D scans undertaken by Tom Sermon with permission from OUMNH. For download of OUM specimens, please complete an image request form here: https://oumnh.ox.ac.uk/ordering-images




Agassiz, L. (1845) Rapport sur les Poissons Fossiles de l’Argile de Londres – 14th Meeting, British Association for the Advancement of Science
Casier, E. (1966) Fauna ichthyologique du London Clay. British Museum Natural History London, 1966, 1-496
Monsch, K (2005) Revision of the scombroid fishes from the Cenozoic of England
Raynor, Mitchell, Clouter (2009) London Clay Fossils of Kent and Essex