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Synophrys hopei

Scientific Classification

Class:               Actinopterygii (Ray-finned Fish)

Order:              Perciformes

Family:             Serranidae

Genus:             Synophrys

Species:          hopei (Agassiz, 1845)

Synophyrs hopei was first described by Louis Agassiz in a paper in 1845 (see citation at bottom) based on a specimen held at Oxford University Museum. As this specimen has relatively poor preservation, Agassiz didn’t assign this to any family and as such, for the last 180 years, has sat as a fairly dubious taxa. However, two more recent discoveries of well-preserved specimens (photographed and scanned below) match the very distinct cranial ornamentation of Agassiz’s original specimen and could represent two better preserved specimens on this London Clay species. The one found my Tony Mitchell has now been kindly donated to the Natural History Museum in London and experts who have examined this have suggested it is a representative of the Serranidae family. I’m hopeful more research will follow on this.

Distinguishing Characteristics:
  • Evidence of sclerotic ring present in the eye orbit (1)
  • Shorter skull with robust toothless jaws (2)
  • Distinctive ornamentation on the frontal bones on the top of the skull (3)
  • Heavily striated lacrymal bone in front of the orbit (4)
Primary Example: Holotype OUMNH PAL-L.00451
3D Scan: Holotype OUMNH PAL-L.00451

3D scans undertaken by Tom Sermon with permission from OUMNH. For download of OUM specimens, please complete an image request form here: https://oumnh.ox.ac.uk/ordering-images

Primary Example: Tony Mitchell Specimen (NHM)
Secondary Example: Marie Jones 2024 Specimen
3D Scan - Marie Jones 2024 specimen
Micro CT Scan - Marie Jones 2024 specimen
Side by Side Comparison:
References
  • Agassiz, L. (1845) Rapport sur les Poissons Fossiles de l’Argile de Londres – 14th Meeting, British Association for the Advancement of Science

  • Casier, E. (1966) Fauna ichthyologique du London Clay. British Museum Natural History London, 1966, 1-496

  • Monsch, K (2005) Revision of the scombroid fishes from the Cenozoic of England

  • Raynor, Mitchell, Clouter (2009) London Clay Fossils of Kent and Essex